18 U.S.C. § 2710

Video Privacy Protection Act

Statute — United States Federal
Effective: November 5, 1988 100 platforms tracked 1992 provisions indexed Enforced by: Federal Courts (private right of action) Last reviewed May 9, 2026

Overview

The Video Privacy Protection Act prohibits video tape service providers from knowingly disclosing personally identifiable information about a consumer's video viewing activity without the consumer's informed, written consent. Originally enacted in response to the disclosure of a Supreme Court nominee's video rental records, the VPPA has been broadly applied to modern streaming services, social media video features, and advertising technology. The Act has become a significant source of class action litigation, particularly against platforms that share viewing data with advertising partners through tracking pixels and similar technologies without obtaining proper consent. The VPPA provides a private right of action with statutory damages.

Penalties

Actual damages (not less than $2,500 in liquidated damages), punitive damages, attorney fees, and equitable relief.

Key Articles & Sections

Platforms We Track Subject to VPPA

Recent Changes Related to VPPA

ConductAtlas maps governance language to potentially relevant regulatory frameworks. Regulatory applicability and enforceability may vary by jurisdiction, enforcement context, and individual circumstances. This page is informational and does not constitute legal advice. Methodology

Provisions Governed by VPPA (1992 across 100 platforms)

California Opt-Out Rights (CCPA/CPRA) Activision
Medium
GDPR Rights for EU and UK Users Activision
Medium
Microsoft Affiliate Data Sharing Activision
Medium
Gameplay and Behavioral Data Collection Activision
Medium
Age Requirement and Parental Consent for Minors Activision
Medium
Cross-Border Data Transfers Activision
Medium
Behavioral and Psychological Inference Collection Airtable
Medium
Cross-Border Data Transfer Airtable
Medium
Third-Party Integration Data Collection Airtable
Medium
Organizational Disclosure of User Content Airtable
Medium
Employer and Organization Disclosure of User Data Airtable
Medium
Perpetual Usage Data Retention Airtable
Medium
Children's Use and Age Restriction Amazon
Medium
Law Enforcement Cooperation and Investigation Rights Amazon
Medium
Children's Access Restriction Amazon
Medium
Law Enforcement Cooperation and Disclosure Amazon
Medium
Account Security and Responsibility Amazon
Medium
Law Enforcement Cooperation Authorization Amazon
Medium
Privacy Notice Reference and Data Practices Amazon
Medium
Data Sharing with Affiliated Companies and Corporate Transactions Amazon Marketplace
Medium
Cross-Context Behavioral Advertising Amazon Marketplace
Medium
Jurisdiction-Specific Consumer Data Rights Amazon Marketplace
Medium
Sharing with Business Partners and Affiliated Entities Amazon Marketplace
Medium
Data Sharing with Third-Party Sellers Amazon Marketplace
Medium
Data Retention for Legal and Operational Purposes Amazon Marketplace
Medium
Consumer Rights — Access, Correction, and Deletion Amazon Marketplace
Medium
International Data Transfers Amazon Marketplace
Medium
Consumer Data Rights (Access, Correction, Deletion) Amazon Marketplace
Medium
Third-Party Seller Data Sharing Amazon Marketplace
Medium
Third-Party Advertising Data Sharing Amplitude
Medium

Showing 30 of 1992 provisions. View all →

Related Regulations

Official Source

View official regulation text →

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Frequently Asked Questions

What does VPPA require?

Which platforms does VPPA apply to?

ConductAtlas tracks VPPA-relevant provisions across 100 platforms. Each platform's specific provisions are classified by severity and mapped to VPPA requirements.

How does ConductAtlas monitor VPPA compliance?

ConductAtlas captures policy documents daily, classifies provisions by regulatory framework, and flags changes that affect VPPA obligations. Every change is archived with cryptographic verification.