Any legal interpretation of your account agreement is determined by California law and federal law, regardless of where you live.
This analysis describes what Robinhood's agreement states, permits, or reserves. It does not constitute a legal determination about enforceability. Regulatory applicability and practical outcomes may vary by jurisdiction, enforcement context, and individual circumstances. Read our methodology
The choice of California law as governing law may interact with California's robust consumer protection statutes, which in some circumstances provide additional rights to California residents and may affect the enforceability of certain clauses for non-California customers.
Interpretive note: The practical effect of the California choice-of-law provision on customers in other states depends on how courts in those states treat choice-of-law clauses and whether mandatory local law provisions apply.
The updated terms establish new fiduciary verification and personal liability provisions for trust and custodial accounts. Trustees are now required to complete Robinhood's identity verification and onboarding before accessing trust accounts, notify Robinhood promptly of any material changes to the trust (amendments, revocation, trustee changes), and provide the correct taxpayer identification number for the trust. The revised language states that trustees are personally liable for obligations, debts, or negative equity arising from instructions given outside the scope of their authority under the trust instrument or applicable law. Robinhood reserves the right to freeze trust accounts or request updated documentation at any time, and will rely on instructions from any onboarded trustee without requiring consent from co-trustees or verifying compliance with the trust instrument. You should consult a tax advisor regarding the appropriate taxpayer identification number for your trust and review your fiduciary authority under the applicable trust instrument before executing trades.
View change record →The agreement designates California law as governing, which may provide California residents with access to additional state consumer protection rights; non-California customers should be aware that their local state law may not apply to disputes arising from this agreement.
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These Terms are governed by the laws of the State of California and the United States without regard to conflicts of laws provisions
These Terms are governed by the laws of the State of California, without regard to conflict of laws rules, and the proper venue for any disputes arising out of or relating to any of the same will be the arbitration venue set forth in Section 9, or if arbitration does not apply, then the state and fe...
In the EU and EEA, the choice of Texas governing law shall not apply only where a mandatory consumer protection law explicitly prohibits such choice of law provisions.
"This agreement and your account shall be governed by the laws of the State of California, without regard to its conflict of laws provisions, and applicable federal law.Excerpt from Robinhood's Customer Agreement (PDF)
REGULATORY LANDSCAPE: Choice-of-law provisions in financial services agreements engage both state contract law and federal preemption principles under applicable securities regulations.
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The choice of California law as governing law may interact with California's robust consumer protection statutes, which in some circumstances provide additional rights to California residents and may affect the enforceability of certain clauses for non-California customers.
The agreement designates California law as governing, which may provide California residents with access to additional state consumer protection rights; non-California customers should be aware that their local state law may not apply to disputes arising from this agreement.
ConductAtlas has identified this type of provision across 267 platforms. See the full comparison.
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