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This analysis describes what Modal's agreement states, permits, or reserves. It does not constitute a legal determination about enforceability. Regulatory applicability and practical outcomes may vary by jurisdiction, enforcement context, and individual circumstances. Read our methodology
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Any dispute not subject to arbitration and not initiated in small claims court may be brought by either party in a court of competent jurisdiction in either the Superior Courts for the State of California...or in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California.
it shall be adjudicated exclusively by the state and federal courts located in San Francisco County, California.
The Parties will initiate any lawsuits in connection with this Agreement in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and irrevocably attorn to the exclusive personal jurisdiction and venue of the courts sitting therein.
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"The federal courts of the United States in the Northern District of California and the state courts of the State of California shall have exclusive jurisdiction to adjudicate any dispute arising out of or relating to this Agreement.Excerpt from Modal's Terms of Service
Provision-level monitoring, governance timelines, and regulatory mapping built from archived source documents and historical version tracking.
The clause states: “The federal courts of the United States in the Northern District of California and the state courts of the State of California shall have exclusive jurisdiction to adjudicate any dispute arising out of or relating to this Agreement.”
ConductAtlas has identified this type of provision across 271 platforms. See the full comparison.
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