Ford · Ford Terms and Conditions · View original document ↗

Governing Law and Jurisdiction

High severity Medium confidence Explicitdocumentlanguage Common · 201 of 343 platforms
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Recent governance activity Ford recorded 20 documented changes in the last 30 days.
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Document Record

What it is

If you have a legal dispute with Ford about the website, it must be resolved through private arbitration in Michigan — not in public court — except for intellectual property claims, which Ford can bring to a Michigan court.

This analysis describes what Ford's agreement states, permits, or reserves. It does not constitute a legal determination about enforceability. Regulatory applicability and practical outcomes may vary by jurisdiction, enforcement context, and individual circumstances. Read our methodology

ConductAtlas Analysis

Why it matters (compliance & governance perspective)

Mandatory arbitration means you give up the right to sue Ford in court or join a class action lawsuit for website-related disputes, and you must travel to or litigate from Michigan.

Interpretive note: Enforceability of mandatory arbitration clauses varies by jurisdiction and by the presence or absence of an opt-out mechanism; the document as available does not confirm whether a class action waiver is explicitly stated or whether an opt-out window exists.

Recent Activity

This document changed recently

Medium May 21, 2026

The updated Terms no longer disclose how Ford collects customer reviews, manages the third-party vendor (MaritzCX) responsible for survey administration, or applies moderation standards to published feedback. Previously, the Terms explained that reviews are moderated to remove profanity, fraud, personal identifying information, competitor references, dangerous behavior, and inadequate text. Users can no longer see these operational details or understand what standards govern how their submitted reviews are processed and displayed.

View change record →

Consumer impact (what this means for users)

Website disputes must go through confidential arbitration in Michigan, which limits transparency, may require significant cost and inconvenience for users outside Michigan, and forecloses the option of a public court proceeding or class action.

How other platforms handle this

Amazon Associates Medium

This Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of Washington, without regard to principles of conflict of laws. Any dispute relating in any way to your visit to or use of the Amazon Site or to products or services sold or distributed by Amazon or through the Amazon Site will be resolved by...

Kindle Medium

Any dispute or claim relating in any way to your use of the Service or to any Kindle Content will be resolved by binding arbitration, rather than in court, except that you may assert claims in small claims court if your claims qualify. The Federal Arbitration Act and federal arbitration law apply to...

Neon Medium

This Agreement will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to its conflict of laws principles. Any disputes arising out of or relating to this Agreement will be resolved exclusively in the state or federal courts located in Delaware, and eac...

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▸ View Original Clause Language DOCUMENT RECORD
"
Any dispute relating in any way to your visit to ford.com shall be submitted to confidential arbitration in Michigan, except that, to the extent you have in any manner violated or threatened to violate Ford's intellectual property rights, Ford may seek injunctive or other appropriate relief in any state or federal court in the state of Michigan.

— Excerpt from Ford's Ford Terms and Conditions

ConductAtlas Analysis

Institutional analysis (Compliance & governance intelligence)

(1) REGULATORY LANDSCAPE: Mandatory arbitration clauses in consumer contracts are subject to scrutiny under the FTC Act and have been the subject of CFPB rulemaking and congressional attention, though the Federal Arbitration Act generally permits such clauses. The CFPB has pursued rules limiting mandatory arbitration in certain financial product contexts; applicability to general website terms depends on whether the site involves financial services. State arbitration laws in California and other states may impose additional requirements, including prohibition of class action waivers in certain contexts. (2) GOVERNANCE EXPOSURE: High. The mandatory arbitration clause, combined with a Michigan venue requirement, creates significant practical barriers for users in other states who may have legitimate disputes. The confidentiality aspect of the arbitration further limits public accountability. Courts have in some circumstances declined to enforce arbitration clauses in consumer contracts where they are deemed unconscionable, particularly where there is no opt-out mechanism stated. (3) JURISDICTION FLAGS: California courts have been particularly active in scrutinizing mandatory arbitration and class action waiver clauses in consumer contracts. EU consumer protection law generally prohibits mandatory arbitration that deprives consumers of access to courts. UK consumer rights regulations similarly restrict unfair arbitration terms. (4) CONTRACT AND VENDOR IMPLICATIONS: Partners and vendors who use ford.com as part of their business operations should note that website disputes would be channeled to Michigan arbitration; B2B contracts should not rely on this clause and should establish separate dispute resolution terms. (5) COMPLIANCE CONSIDERATIONS: Legal teams should evaluate whether an arbitration opt-out mechanism should be offered to users, whether the clause's confidentiality requirement conflicts with any regulatory transparency obligations, and whether class action waiver language — if present — satisfies applicable state and federal enforceability standards. The absence of a stated opt-out window is a notable omission relative to common industry practice.

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Applicable agencies

  • FTC
    The FTC evaluates mandatory arbitration clauses in consumer-facing terms for fairness and potential unfair or deceptive practice implications
    File a complaint →
  • State AG
    State attorneys general, particularly in California, have jurisdiction over mandatory arbitration and class action waiver provisions in consumer contracts under state consumer protection statutes
    File a complaint →

Provision details

Document information
Document
Ford Terms and Conditions
Entity
Ford
Document last updated
May 5, 2026
Tracking information
First tracked
May 9, 2026
Last verified
May 9, 2026
Record ID
CA-P-004939
Document ID
CA-D-00612
Evidence Provenance
Source URL
Wayback Machine
Content hash (SHA-256)
f34ed228d3ef7be1a028b9714c844cb406ea0ff2e11d120e0eacd3b58c9b867d
Analysis generated
May 9, 2026 23:05 UTC
Methodology
Evidence
✓ Snapshot stored   ✓ Hash verified
Citation Record
Entity: Ford
Document: Ford Terms and Conditions
Record ID: CA-P-004939
Captured: 2026-05-09 23:05:03 UTC
SHA-256: f34ed228d3ef7be1…
URL: https://conductatlas.com/platform/ford/ford-terms-and-conditions/governing-law-and-jurisdiction/
Accessed: June 27, 2026
Permanent archival reference. Stable identifier suitable for legal filings, compliance documentation, and research citation.
Classification
Severity
High
Categories

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Frequently Asked Questions

What does Ford's Governing Law and Jurisdiction clause do?

Mandatory arbitration means you give up the right to sue Ford in court or join a class action lawsuit for website-related disputes, and you must travel to or litigate from Michigan.

How does this clause affect you?

Website disputes must go through confidential arbitration in Michigan, which limits transparency, may require significant cost and inconvenience for users outside Michigan, and forecloses the option of a public court proceeding or class action.

How many platforms have this type of clause?

ConductAtlas has identified this type of provision across 201 platforms. See the full comparison.

Is ConductAtlas affiliated with Ford?

No. ConductAtlas is an independent monitoring service. We are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Ford.