Coinbase charges two separate fees on every trade. Most users only notice one of them. Here is how the fee structure actually works, based on the archived Coinbase Fee Schedule in the ConductAtlas policy archive.
The two fees
Every time you buy or sell on Coinbase, you pay a spread and a transaction fee. These are separate charges that stack on top of each other.
The spread is embedded in the price before you see it. Coinbase marks up the market price by as much as 2% before displaying it to you. This markup is not labeled as a fee on the main screen. It is built into the quoted price. You are paying it whether you know it or not.
On top of the spread, Coinbase charges an explicit transaction fee. The amount depends on how you pay. Debit cards and instant bank transfers cost significantly more than standard ACH bank transfers. The fee schedule does not publish a fixed rate. It varies by transaction size and payment method.
The preview screen is your only disclosure
Coinbase shows you a summary of all fees on a preview screen before you confirm a trade. That screen is the only place where the full cost, spread plus transaction fee, is visible. If you skip past it or do not read it carefully, you will not know what you paid until after the transaction is complete.
This is rated medium severity in the ConductAtlas archive. The disclosure exists, but it is structured in a way that makes the true cost easy to miss.
Staking fees are taken from your earnings
If you stake cryptocurrency through Coinbase, the platform takes a commission from your staking rewards. The rate varies by asset. This is rated high severity. The commission percentage is not prominently disclosed at the point of opting into staking.
Coinbase One waives transaction fees
Coinbase offers a paid subscription called Coinbase One that waives transaction fees on eligible trades. The subscription has a monthly cost. Whether it saves you money depends on your trading volume. If you trade frequently in large amounts, the subscription may be worth it. The spread still applies regardless of subscription status.
Fees can change at any time
The Fee Schedule includes a provision allowing Coinbase to modify any fee at any time with notice under the User Agreement terms. The notice mechanism is not prominently specified. ConductAtlas monitors the Coinbase Fee Schedule for changes and will flag any updates the day they are detected.